Manufacture of varnish.



-^ TED STA i earner orio yi STANLEY E. FORD, OF SCOTA, NEW YORK. SSIGNOR T0 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

MANUFCTURE 0F VABNISH.

lic it known that l, STANLEY E. Fono, a citizen or the United States, residingat Scotia, in the county ot' Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful `improvements in the Manuf-acturc ot Varnish, of which the jfollowing is a specilication.

My invention relates to thc manufacture of varnish, one of the objects of my invention beineT to reduce the cost of making the varnish by reducing` the amount ot time required for the operation.

ln the varnish-making processes as usually employed the varnish materials are boiled in open ketties for a long period, gen erally twenty-tour hours or more. ri'his slow process naturally increases the cost ot' the varnish.

In one embodiment of my invention the varnish-forming liquid is reduced to a finely divided torni so to bring an oxidizing atmosphere such as ozone into intimate contact with the whole body ot' liquid and thereby cause rapid oxidation. rThe varnish materials are preferably placed in a drum in which there is some agitatingl means, such as a paddle wheel, so arranged as to cause the liquid lo be thoroughly sub. divided and the ozone is introduced into the drum and acts upon the material in thisl form, the whole body of liquid being subjected to heat.

n the accompanying drawing l have illus trated a machine suitable for carrying out my invention.

n the drawing, Figure l is a side elevation partly in section of my machine and Fig'. 2 is a sectional vi W of the saine.

Referring to the drawing, l0 is a casing, preferably ot metal, in the form ot a cylinder or drum having supporting feet l1. This drum is provided with heads 12 and 13 secured to the casing' so Aas to t'orm a coinplotely inclosed chamber. lVithin this chamber is a rotatable member 14 shown in the torni of a paddle wheel having four vanes. l have shown the Yanes as tapering both ways from the center so asto give the liquid a tendency to collect toward the middle of the machine instead of piling up at the ends. This paddle wheel is mountei in the heads and is rotated by a pulley l5.

- The edges of the varies are provided with Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led April 4, 1913.

retorted sept. e, lair..

Serial No. 758,832.

V -shaped scallops, as shown. These scallops serve the purpose of increasing the linear dimensions of the edge of the vane and` thereby increasing the length of the edge over which the liquid falls when it is (farried to the top of the drum. This causes the liquid to be reduced to a finely divided form so as to be in more intimate contact with the ozone. ln fact, the materials may be so finely divided as to become a line spray or froth which will render the action of the ozone very eli'ective. heated in vany desired manner, but l have shown for purposes of illustration an outer jacket lo located on the lower portion of the drum through which steam is admitted through the pipes l'T. This heating jacket is surrounded by heat insulating lagging 18 held in place by the bands 19. The heat dispels any air pockets that may have a tendency to form in the liquid. 'Ozone is introduced into the chamber through the pipe Q0 and the gaseous products are discharged into the air through pipe 2l. The varnish materials are introduced through the hole 2:2' at the top and drawn ott through a spigot 23 at the bottom.

ln making,` varnish in accordance with my invention the varnish materials are introduced through the holol 22 so as to about halllill the drum. Steam is turned into the heating jacket so as to cause a temperature of from 300O to 4500 F, within the drum. 'lhe paddle wheel 14 is then rotated rapidly, which causes the 'uaterial to he carried to the top and toward the middle of the drum iu a line spray upon which the ozone and heat act to cause rapid oxidation. l have found that six or seven hours suilices to produce an excellent grade of varnish by the use of this machine. This machine is also used a mining tank, since after the oxidation is completed the solvent, which may be turpentine or gasolene. is added, nearly filling the drum` and by rotating the paddle wheel more slowly the materials are thoroughly mixed and the varnish completed. lt will -be secu that the time used in the manufacture of varnish by my process is reduced to one-third or one-'fourth ot the time usually taken. Furthermore, the process is practically automatic so that a single attendant can take care oli a number of machines. The drums can be made much The drum may be larger them amy kettle heretofore used. in feet, one of these drums muy huid from fiy to one hundted barrels of varnish oi more. All this, oi* Coulee, goee4 to reduce the cest of the mimish end also makes the product more uniform. Furthermore, the loss of, mateiieiis due to evaporation, which is :L large factor in the making of varnish by the open kettle method, is greatly fedueed.

Various modicetione of my invention will suggest themselves to those skilled in themt Without departing from the spirit of my invention, the scope of which ie set forth in the .annexed claim. Y

mettete l my hand this 3rd dey of April 1913.

STANLEY E. FORD. itnessesz y BENJMUN B. HULL, HELEN GRFORD. 

